P2P之UDP穿透NAT的原理與實現(xiàn)(C#)

2010-08-28 10:50:09來源:西部e網(wǎng)作者:

論壇上經(jīng)常有對P2P原理的討論,但是討論歸討論,很少有實質(zhì)的東西產(chǎn)生(源代碼)。呵呵,在這里我就用自己實現(xiàn)的一個源代碼來說明UDP穿越NAT的原理。

首先先介紹一些基本概念:

    NAT(Network Address Translators),網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址轉(zhuǎn)換:網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址轉(zhuǎn)換是在IP地址日益缺乏的情況下產(chǎn)生的,它的主要目的就是為了能夠地址重用。NAT分為兩大類,基本的NATNAPT(Network Address/Port Translator)。

    最開始NAT是運行在路由器上的一個功能模塊。

    最先提出的是基本的NAT,它的產(chǎn)生基于如下事實:一個私有網(wǎng)絡(luò)(域)中的節(jié)點中只有很少的節(jié)點需要與外網(wǎng)連接(呵呵,這是在上世紀(jì)90年代中期提出的)。那么這個子網(wǎng)中其實只有少數(shù)的節(jié)點需要全球唯一的IP地址,其他的節(jié)點的IP地址應(yīng)該是可以重用的。

    因此,基本的NAT實現(xiàn)的功能很簡單,在子網(wǎng)內(nèi)使用一個保留的IP子網(wǎng)段,這些IP對外是不可見的。子網(wǎng)內(nèi)只有少數(shù)一些IP地址可以對應(yīng)到真正全球唯一的IP地址。如果這些節(jié)點需要訪問外部網(wǎng)絡(luò),那么基本NAT就負(fù)責(zé)將這個節(jié)點的子網(wǎng)內(nèi)IP轉(zhuǎn)化為一個全球唯一的IP然后發(fā)送出去。(基本的NAT會改變IP包中的原IP地址,但是不會改變IP包中的端口)

    關(guān)于基本的NAT可以參看RFC 1631

另外一種NAT叫做NAPT,從名稱上我們也可以看得出,NAPT不但會改變經(jīng)過這個NAT設(shè)備的IP數(shù)據(jù)報的IP地址,還會改變IP數(shù)據(jù)報的TCP/UDP端口;NAT的設(shè)備可能我們見的不多(呵呵,我沒有見到過),NAPT才是我們真正討論的主角。看下圖:

    有一個私有網(wǎng)絡(luò)10.*.*.*,Client A是其中的一臺計算機,這個網(wǎng)絡(luò)的網(wǎng)關(guān)(一個NAT設(shè)備)的外網(wǎng)IP155.99.25.11(應(yīng)該還有一個內(nèi)網(wǎng)的IP地址,比如10.0.0.10)。如果Client A中的某個進程(這個進程創(chuàng)建了一個UDP Socket,這個Socket綁定1234端口)想訪問外網(wǎng)主機18.181.0.311235端口,那么當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)包通過NAT時會發(fā)生什么事情呢?

    首先NAT會改變這個數(shù)據(jù)包的原IP地址,改為155.99.25.11。接著NAT會為這個傳輸創(chuàng)建一個SessionSession是一個抽象的概念,如果是TCP,也許Session是由一個SYN包開始,以一個FIN包結(jié)束。而UDP呢,以這個IP的這個端口的第一個UDP開始,結(jié)束呢,呵呵,也許是幾分鐘,也許是幾小時,這要看具體的實現(xiàn)了)并且給這個Session分配一個端口,比如62000,然后改變這個數(shù)據(jù)包的源端口為62000。所以本來是(10.0.0.1:1234->18.181.0.31:1235)的數(shù)據(jù)包到了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上變?yōu)榱耍?/SPAN>155.99.25.11:62000->18.181.0.31:1235)。

一旦NAT創(chuàng)建了一個Session后,NAT會記住62000端口對應(yīng)的是10.0.0.11234端口,以后從18.181.0.31發(fā)送到62000端口的數(shù)據(jù)會被NAT自動的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到10.0.0.1上。(注意:這里是說18.181.0.31發(fā)送到62000端口的數(shù)據(jù)會被轉(zhuǎn)發(fā),其他的IP發(fā)送到這個端口的數(shù)據(jù)將被NAT拋棄)這樣Client A就與Server S1建立以了一個連接。

呵呵,上面的基礎(chǔ)知識可能很多人都知道了,那么下面是關(guān)鍵的部分了。

看看下面的情況:


  
接上面的例子,如果Client A的原來那個Socket(綁定了1234端口的那個UDP Socket)又接著向另外一個Server S2發(fā)送了一個UDP包,那么這個UDP包在通過NAT時會怎么樣呢?

    這時可能會有兩種情況發(fā)生,一種是NAT再次創(chuàng)建一個Session,并且再次為這個Session分配一個端口號(比如:62001)。另外一種是NAT再次創(chuàng)建一個Session,但是不會新分配一個端口號,而是用原來分配的端口號62000。前一種NAT叫做Symmetric NAT,后一種叫做Cone NAT。我們期望我們的NAT是第二種,呵呵,如果你的NAT剛好是第一種,那么很可能會有很多P2P軟件失靈。(可以慶幸的是,現(xiàn)在絕大多數(shù)的NAT屬于后者,即Cone NAT

    好了,我們看到,通過NAT,子網(wǎng)內(nèi)的計算機向外連結(jié)是很容易的(NAT相當(dāng)于透明的,子網(wǎng)內(nèi)的和外網(wǎng)的計算機不用知道NAT的情況)。

    但是如果外部的計算機想訪問子網(wǎng)內(nèi)的計算機就比較困難了(而這正是P2P所需要的)。

那么我們?nèi)绻霃耐獠堪l(fā)送一個數(shù)據(jù)報給內(nèi)網(wǎng)的計算機有什么辦法呢?首先,我們必須在內(nèi)網(wǎng)的NAT上打上一個“洞”(也就是前面我們說的在NAT上建立一個Session),這個洞不能由外部來打,只能由內(nèi)網(wǎng)內(nèi)的主機來打。而且這個洞是有方向的,比如從內(nèi)部某臺主機(比如:192.168.0.10)向外部的某個IP(比如:219.237.60.1)發(fā)送一個UDP包,那么就在這個內(nèi)網(wǎng)的NAT設(shè)備上打了一個方向為219.237.60.1的“洞”,(這就是稱為UDP Hole Punching的技術(shù))以后219.237.60.1就可以通過這個洞與內(nèi)網(wǎng)的192.168.0.10聯(lián)系了。(但是其他的IP不能利用這個洞)。

呵呵,現(xiàn)在該輪到我們的正題P2P了。有了上面的理論,實現(xiàn)兩個內(nèi)網(wǎng)的主機通訊就差最后一步了:那就是雞生蛋還是蛋生雞的問題了,兩邊都無法主動發(fā)出連接請求,誰也不知道誰的公網(wǎng)地址,那我們?nèi)绾蝸泶蜻@個洞呢?我們需要一個中間人來聯(lián)系這兩個內(nèi)網(wǎng)主機。

現(xiàn)在我們來看看一個P2P軟件的流程,以下圖為例:


   
首先,Client A登錄服務(wù)器,NAT A為這次的Session分配了一個端口60000,那么Server S收到的Client A的地址是202.187.45.3:60000,這就是Client A的外網(wǎng)地址了。同樣,Client B登錄Server S,NAT B給此次Session分配的端口是40000,那么Server S收到的B的地址是187.34.1.56:40000。

    此時,Client AClient B都可以與Server S通信了。如果Client A此時想直接發(fā)送信息給Client B,那么他可以從Server S那兒獲得B的公網(wǎng)地址187.34.1.56:40000,是不是Client A向這個地址發(fā)送信息Client B就能收到了呢?答案是不行,因為如果這樣發(fā)送信息,NAT B會將這個信息丟棄(因為這樣的信息是不請自來的,為了安全,大多數(shù)NAT都會執(zhí)行丟棄動作),F(xiàn)在我們需要的是在NAT B上打一個方向為202.187.45.3(即Client A的外網(wǎng)地址)的洞,那么Client A發(fā)送到187.34.1.56:40000的信息,Client B就能收到了。這個打洞命令由誰來發(fā)呢,呵呵,當(dāng)然是Server S。

    總結(jié)一下這個過程:如果Client A想向Client B發(fā)送信息,那么Client A發(fā)送命令給Server S,請求Server S命令Client BClient A方向打洞。呵呵,是不是很繞口,不過沒關(guān)系,想一想就很清楚了,何況還有源代碼呢(侯老師說過:在源代碼面前沒有秘密 8)),然后Client A就可以通過Client B的外網(wǎng)地址與Client B通信了。

    注意:以上過程只適合于Cone NAT的情況,如果是Symmetric NAT,那么當(dāng)Client BClient A打洞的端口已經(jīng)重新分配了,Client B將無法知道這個端口(如果Symmetric NAT的端口是順序分配的,那么我們或許可以猜測這個端口號,可是由于可能導(dǎo)致失敗的因素太多,我們不推薦這種猜測端口的方法)。   

    下面是一個模擬P2P聊天的過程的源代碼,過程很簡單,P2PServer運行在一個擁有公網(wǎng)IP的計算機上,P2PClient運行在兩個不同的NAT后(注意,如果兩個客戶端運行在一個NAT后,本程序很可能不能運行正常,這取決于你的NAT是否支持loopback translation,詳見http://midcom-p2p.sourceforge.net/draft-ford-midcom-p2p-01.txt,當(dāng)然,此問題可以通過雙方先嘗試連接對方的內(nèi)網(wǎng)IP來解決,但是這個代碼只是為了驗證原理,并沒有處理這些問題),后登錄的計算機可以獲得先登錄計算機的用戶名,后登錄的計算機通過send username message的格式來發(fā)送消息。如果發(fā)送成功,說明你已取得了直接與對方連接的成功。

    程序現(xiàn)在支持三個命令:send , getu , exit

   

    send格式:send username message

   功能:發(fā)送信息給username

   

    getu格式:getu

    功能:獲得當(dāng)前服務(wù)器用戶列表

   

    exit格式:exit

功能:注銷與服務(wù)器的連接(服務(wù)器不會自動監(jiān)測客戶是否吊線)

 

源代碼

注:原文代碼是用C++寫的,這里僅附上C#代碼

1.  WellKnown公用庫

namespace P2P.WellKnown

{

    using System;

    using System.IO;

using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

    /// <summary>

    /// P2PConsts 的摘要說明。

    /// </summary>

    public class P2PConsts

    {

        /// <summary>

        /// 服務(wù)器偵聽端口號

        /// </summary>

public const int SRV_PORT = 2280;

    }

        /// <summary>

    /// User 的摘要說明。

    /// </summary>

    [Serializable]

    public class User

    {

        protected string userName;

        protected IPEndPoint netPoint;

 

        public User(string UserName, IPEndPoint NetPoint)

        {

            this.userName = userName;

            this.netPoint = NetPoint;

        }

        public string UserName

        {

            get { return userName; }

        }

 

        public IPEndPoint NetPoint

        {

            get { return netPoint; }

            set { netPoint = value;}

        }

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// UserCollection 的摘要說明。

    /// </summary>

    [Serializable]

    public class UserCollection : CollectionBase

    {

        public void Add(User user)

        {

            InnerList.Add(user);

        }

 

        public void Remove(User user)

        {

            InnerList.Remove(user);

        }

 

        public User this[int index]

        {

            get { return (User)InnerList[index]; }

        }

 

        public User Find(string userName)

        {

            foreach(User user in this)

            {

                if (string.Compare(userName, user.UserName, true) == 0)

                {

                    return user;

                }

            }

            return null;

        }

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// FormatterHelper 序列化,反序列化消息的幫助類

    /// </summary>

    public class FormatterHelper

    {

        public static byte[] Serialize(object obj)

        {

            BinaryFormatter binaryF = new BinaryFormatter();

            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(1024*10);

            binaryF.Serialize(ms, obj);

            ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);

            byte[] buffer = new byte[(int)ms.Length];

            ms.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);

            ms.Close();

            return buffer;

        }

 

        public static object Deserialize(byte[] buffer)

        {

            BinaryFormatter binaryF = new BinaryFormatter();

            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, false);

            object obj = binaryF.Deserialize(ms);

            ms.Close();

            return obj;

        }

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// Message base class

    /// </summary>

    [System.Serializable]

    public abstract class MessageBase

    {

    }

 

    // Message from Client to Server

    namespace C2S

    {

        /// <summary>

        /// 客戶端發(fā)送到服務(wù)器的消息基類

        /// </summary>

        public abstract class CSMessage : MessageBase

        {

            private string userName;

            protected CSMessage(string anUserName)

            {

                userName = anUserName;

            }

            public string UserName

            {

                get { return userName; }

            }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 用戶登錄消息

        /// </summary>

        public class LoginMessage : CSMessage

        {

            private string password;

            public LoginMessage(string userName, string password) : base(userName)

            {

                this.password = password;

            }

            public string Password

            {

                get { return password; }

            }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 用戶登出消息

        /// </summary>

        public class LogoutMessage : CSMessage

        {

            public LogoutMessage(string userName) : base(userName)

            {}

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 請求用戶列表消息

        /// </summary>

        public class GetUsersMessage : CSMessage

        {

            public GetUsersMessage(string userName) : base(userName)

            {}

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 請求Purch Hole消息

        /// </summary>

        public class TranslateMessage : CSMessage

        {

            protected string toUserName;

            public TranslateMessage(string userName, string toUserName) : base(userName)

            {

                this.toUserName = toUserName;

            }

            public string ToUserName

            {

                get { return this.toUserName; }

            }

        }

    }

 

    // Message from server to the client

    namespace S2C

    {

        /// <summary>

        /// 服務(wù)器發(fā)送到客戶端消息基類

        /// </summary>

        public abstract class SCMessage : MessageBase

        {}

        /// <summary>

        /// 請求用戶列表應(yīng)答消息

        /// </summary>

        public class GetUsersResponseMessage : SCMessage

        {

            private UserCollection userList;

            public GetUsersResponseMessage(UserCollection users)

            {

                this.userList = users;

            }

            public UserCollection UserList

            {

                get { return userList; }

            }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)請求Purch Hole消息

        /// </summary>

        public class SomeOneCallYouMessage : SCMessage

        {

            protected System.Net.IPEndPoint remotePoint;

            public SomeOneCallYouMessage(System.Net.IPEndPoint point)

            {

                this.remotePoint = point;

            }

            public System.Net.IPEndPoint RemotePoint

            {

                get { return remotePoint; }

            }

        }

    }

 

    // Message from peer to the peer

    namespace P2P

    {

        /// <summary>

        /// 點對點消息基類

        /// </summary>

        public abstract class PPMessage : MessageBase

        {}

        /// <summary>

        /// 測試消息

        /// </summary>

        public class WorkMessage : PPMessage

        {

            private string message;

            public WorkMessage(string msg)

            {

                message = msg;

            }

            public string Message

            {

                get { return message; }

            }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 測試應(yīng)答消息

        /// </summary>

        public class ACKMessage : PPMessage

        {

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// P2P Purch Hole Message

        /// </summary>

        public class TrashMessage : PPMessage

        {}

    }  

}

 

 

2. P2Pserver

namespace P2P.P2PServer

{

    using System;

    using System.Net;

    using System.Net.Sockets;

    using System.Threading;

    using P2P.WellKnown;

    /// <summary>

    /// AppClass 的摘要說明。

    /// </summary>

    public class AppClass

    {

        public static void Main()

        {

            Server server = new Server();

            try

            {

                server.Start();

                Console.ReadLine();

                server.Stop();

            }

            catch

            {

            }

        }

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// Server 的摘要說明。

    /// </summary>

    public class Server

    {

        private UdpClient server;

        private UserCollection userList;

        private Thread serverThread;

        private IPEndPoint remotePoint;

 

        public Server()

        {

            userList = new UserCollection();

            remotePoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);

            serverThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run));

        }

 

        public void Start()

        {

            try

            {

                server = new UdpClient(P2PConsts.SRV_PORT);

                serverThread.Start();

                Console.WriteLine("P2P Server started, waiting client connect...");

            }

            catch(Exception exp)

            {

                Console.WriteLine("Start P2P Server error: " + exp.Message);

                throw exp;

            }

        }

 

        public void Stop()

        {

            Console.WriteLine("P2P Server stopping...");

            try

            {

                serverThread.Abort();

                server.Close();

                Console.WriteLine("Stop OK.");

            }

            catch(Exception exp)

            {

                Console.WriteLine("Stop error: " + exp.Message);

                throw exp;

            }

 

        }

 

        private void Run()

        {

            byte[] buffer = null;

            while (true)

            {

                byte[] msgBuffer = server.Receive(ref remotePoint);

                try

                {

                    object msgObj = FormatterHelper.Deserialize(msgBuffer);

                    Type msgType = msgObj.GetType();

                    if (msgType == typeof(P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LoginMessage))

                    {

                        // 轉(zhuǎn)換接受的消息

                        P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LoginMessage lginMsg = (P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LoginMessage)msgObj;

                        Console.WriteLine("has an user login: {0}", lginMsg.UserName);

                        // 添加用戶到列表

                        IPEndPoint userEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(remotePoint.Address, remotePoint.Port);

                        User user = new User(lginMsg.UserName, userEndPoint);

                        userList.Add(user);

                        // 發(fā)送應(yīng)答消息

                        P2P.WellKnown.S2C.GetUsersResponseMessage usersMsg = new P2P.WellKnown.S2C.GetUsersResponseMessage(userList);

                        buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(usersMsg);

                        server.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, remotePoint);

                    }

                    else if (msgType == typeof(P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LogoutMessage))

                    {

                        // 轉(zhuǎn)換接受的消息

                        P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LogoutMessage lgoutMsg = (P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LogoutMessage)msgObj;

                        Console.WriteLine("has an user logout: {0}", lgoutMsg.UserName);

                        // 從列表中刪除用戶

                        User lgoutUser = userList.Find(lgoutMsg.UserName);

                        if (lgoutUser != null)

                        {

                            userList.Remove(lgoutUser);

                        }

                    }

                    else if (msgType == typeof(P2P.WellKnown.C2S.TranslateMessage))

                    {

                        // 轉(zhuǎn)換接受的消息

                        P2P.WellKnown.C2S.TranslateMessage transMsg = (P2P.WellKnown.C2S.TranslateMessage)msgObj;

                        Console.WriteLine("{0}(1) wants to p2p {2}", remotePoint.Address.ToString(), transMsg.UserName, transMsg.ToUserName);

                        // 獲取目標(biāo)用戶

                        User toUser = userList.Find(transMsg.ToUserName);

                        // 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)Purch Hole請求消息

                        if (toUser == null)

                        {

                            Console.WriteLine("Remote host {0} cannot be found at index server", transMsg.ToUserName);                          

                        }

                        else

                        {

                            P2P.WellKnown.S2C.SomeOneCallYouMessage transMsg2 = new P2P.WellKnown.S2C.SomeOneCallYouMessage(remotePoint);

                            buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(transMsg);

                            server.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, toUser.NetPoint);                           

                        }

                    }

                    else if (msgType == typeof(P2P.WellKnown.C2S.GetUsersMessage))

                    {

                        // 發(fā)送當(dāng)前用戶信息到所有登錄客戶

                        P2P.WellKnown.S2C.GetUsersResponseMessage srvResMsg = new P2P.WellKnown.S2C.GetUsersResponseMessage(userList);                       

                        buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(srvResMsg);

                        foreach(User user in userList)

                        {

                            server.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, user.NetPoint);

                        }

                    }

                    Thread.Sleep(500);

                }

                catch{}

            }

        }

    }

}

 

 

3. P2Pclient

namespace P2P.P2PClient

{

    using System;

    using System.Net;

    using System.Net.Sockets;

    using System.Threading;

    using P2P.WellKnown;

    /// <summary>

    /// AppClass 的摘要說明。

    /// </summary>

    public class AppClass

    {

        public static void Main()

        {

            Client client = new Client("202.96.134.103");

            client.ConnectToServer("myname", "mypassword");

            client.Start();

            Console.WriteLine("test arguments");

            while (true)

            {

                string str = Console.ReadLine();

                client.PaserCommand(str);

            }

        }

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// Client 的摘要說明。

    /// </summary>

    public class Client : IDisposable

    {

        private const int MAXRETRY = 10;

        private UdpClient client;

        private IPEndPoint hostPoint;

        private IPEndPoint remotePoint;

        private UserCollection userList;

        private string myName;

        private bool ReceivedACK;

        private Thread listenThread;

 

        public Client(string serverIP)

        {

            ReceivedACK = false;

            remotePoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);

            hostPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(serverIP), P2PConsts.SRV_PORT);

            client = new UdpClient();

            userList = new UserCollection();

            listenThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run));

        }

 

        public void Start()

        {

            if (this.listenThread.ThreadState==ThreadState.Unstarted)

            {

                this.listenThread.Start();

                Console.WriteLine("You can input you command:\n");

                Console.WriteLine("Command Type:\"send\",\"exit\",\"getu\"");

                Console.WriteLine("Example : send Username Message");

                Console.WriteLine("          exit");

                Console.WriteLine("          getu");

            }

        }

 

        public void ConnectToServer(string userName, string password)

        {

            myName = userName;

            // 發(fā)送登錄消息到服務(wù)器

            P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LoginMessage lginMsg = new P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LoginMessage(userName, password);

            byte[] buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(lginMsg);

            client.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, hostPoint);

            // 接受服務(wù)器的登錄應(yīng)答消息

            buffer = client.Receive(ref remotePoint);

            P2P.WellKnown.S2C.GetUsersResponseMessage srvResMsg = (P2P.WellKnown.S2C.GetUsersResponseMessage)FormatterHelper.Deserialize(buffer);

            // 更新用戶列表

            userList.Clear();

            foreach(User user in srvResMsg.UserList)

            {

                userList.Add(user);

            }

            this.DisplayUsers(userList);

        }

 

        /// <summary>

        /// 這是主要的函數(shù):發(fā)送一個消息給某個用戶(C)

        /// 流程:直接向某個用戶的外網(wǎng)IP發(fā)送消息,如果此前沒有聯(lián)系過

        /// 那么此消息將無法發(fā)送,發(fā)送端等待超時。

        /// 超時后,發(fā)送端將發(fā)送一個請求信息到服務(wù)端,要求服務(wù)端發(fā)送

        /// 給客戶C一個請求,請求C給本機發(fā)送打洞消息

        /// *以上流程將重復(fù)MAXRETRY次

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="toUserName">對方用戶名</param>

        /// <param name="message">待發(fā)送的消息</param>

        /// <returns></returns>

        private bool SendMessageTo(string toUserName, string message)

        {

            User toUser = userList.Find(toUserName);

            if (toUser == null)

            {

                return false;

            }

            for (int i=0; i<MAXRETRY; i++)

            {

                P2P.WellKnown.P2P.WorkMessage workMsg = new P2P.WellKnown.P2P.WorkMessage(message);

                byte[] buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(workMsg);

                client.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, toUser.NetPoint);

               

                // 等待接收線程將標(biāo)記修改

                for (int j=0; j<10; j++)

                {

                    if (this.ReceivedACK)

                    {

                        this.ReceivedACK = false;

                        return true;

                    }

                    else

                    {

                        Thread.Sleep(300);

                    }

                }

                // 沒有接收到目標(biāo)主機的回應(yīng),認(rèn)為目標(biāo)主機的端口映射沒有

                // 打開,那么發(fā)送請求信息給服務(wù)器,要服務(wù)器告訴目標(biāo)主機

                // 打開映射端口(UDP打洞)

                P2P.WellKnown.C2S.TranslateMessage transMsg = new P2P.WellKnown.C2S.TranslateMessage(myName, toUserName);

                buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(transMsg);

                client.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, hostPoint);

                // 等待對方先發(fā)送信息

                Thread.Sleep(100);

            }

            return false;

        }

 

        public void PaserCommand(string cmdstring)

        {

            cmdstring = cmdstring.Trim();

            string[] args = cmdstring.Split(new char[]{' '});

            if (args.Length > 0)

            {

                if (string.Compare(args[0], "exit", true) == 0)

                {

                    P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LogoutMessage lgoutMsg = new P2P.WellKnown.C2S.LogoutMessage(myName);

                    byte[] buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(lgoutMsg);

                    client.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, hostPoint);

                    // do clear something here

                    Dispose();

                    System.Environment.Exit(0);

                }

                else if (string.Compare(args[0], "send", true) == 0)

                {                  

                    if (args.Length > 2)

                    {

                        string toUserName = args[1];

                        string message    = "";

                        for(int i=2; i<args.Length; i++)

                        {

                            if (args[i] == "") message += " ";

                            else message += args[i];

                        }

                        if (this.SendMessageTo(toUserName, message))

                        {

                            Console.WriteLine("Send OK!");

                        }

                        else

                            Console.WriteLine("Send Failed!");

                    }

                }

                else if (string.Compare(args[0], "getu", true) == 0)

                {

                    P2P.WellKnown.C2S.GetUsersMessage getUserMsg = new P2P.WellKnown.C2S.GetUsersMessage(myName);

                    byte[] buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(getUserMsg);

                    client.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, hostPoint);

                }

                else

                {

                    Console.WriteLine("Unknown command {0}", cmdstring);

                }

            }

        }

 

        private void DisplayUsers(UserCollection users)

        {

            foreach (User user in users)

            {

                Console.WriteLine("Username: {0}, IP:{1}, Port:{2}", user.UserName, user.NetPoint.Address.ToString(), user.NetPoint.Port);

            }

        }

 

        private void Run()

        {

            byte[] buffer;

            while (true)

            {

                buffer = client.Receive(ref remotePoint);

                object msgObj = FormatterHelper.Deserialize(buffer);

                Type msgType = msgObj.GetType();

                if (msgType == typeof(P2P.WellKnown.S2C.GetUsersResponseMessage))

                {

                    // 轉(zhuǎn)換消息

                    P2P.WellKnown.S2C.GetUsersResponseMessage usersMsg = (P2P.WellKnown.S2C.GetUsersResponseMessage)msgObj;

                    // 更新用戶列表

                    userList.Clear();

                    foreach(User user in usersMsg.UserList)

                    {

                        userList.Add(user);

                    }

                    this.DisplayUsers(userList);

                }

                else if (msgType == typeof(P2P.WellKnown.S2C.SomeOneCallYouMessage))

                {

                    // 轉(zhuǎn)換消息

                    P2P.WellKnown.S2C.SomeOneCallYouMessage purchReqMsg = (P2P.WellKnown.S2C.SomeOneCallYouMessage)msgObj;

                    // 發(fā)送打洞消息到遠(yuǎn)程主機

                    P2P.WellKnown.P2P.TrashMessage trashMsg = new P2P.WellKnown.P2P.TrashMessage();

                    buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(trashMsg);

                    client.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, purchReqMsg.RemotePoint);

                }

                else if (msgType == typeof(P2P.WellKnown.P2P.WorkMessage))

                {

                    // 轉(zhuǎn)換消息

                    P2P.WellKnown.P2P.WorkMessage workMsg = (P2P.WellKnown.P2P.WorkMessage)msgObj;

                    Console.WriteLine("Receive a message: {0}", workMsg.Message);

                    // 發(fā)送應(yīng)答消息

                    P2P.WellKnown.P2P.ACKMessage ackMsg = new P2P.WellKnown.P2P.ACKMessage();

                    buffer = FormatterHelper.Serialize(ackMsg);

                    client.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, remotePoint);

                }

                else if (msgType == typeof(P2P.WellKnown.P2P.ACKMessage))

                {

                    this.ReceivedACK = true;

                }

                else if (msgType == typeof(P2P.WellKnown.P2P.TrashMessage))

                {

                    Console.WriteLine("Recieve a trash message");

                }

                Thread.Sleep(100);

            }

        }

        #region IDisposable 成員

 

        public void Dispose()

        {

            try

            {

                this.listenThread.Abort();

                this.client.Close();

            }

            catch

            {}

        }

 

        #endregion

    }

}

關(guān)鍵詞:C#